What Is Endometrial Cancer?

 

Endometrial cancer is a type of uterine cancer. It starts in the inner lining of the uterus, known as the endometrium. Uterine cancer and endometrial cancer are often used interchangeably, since endometrial cancer makes up the majority–about 90%–of cancers in the body, or corpus, of the uterus. Endometrial cancer is the most commonly diagnosed type of cancer that affects the gynecologic organs in the United States.

Anatomy of the female reproductive system

What Does the Endometrium Do?

The endometrium is the lining of the uterus. Throughout each menstrual cycle, the endometrium changes. Typically, once a month, it thickens to prepare for a possible pregnancy. If there is no pregnancy, the lining thins and sheds as a menstrual period. If there is a pregnancy, the lining stays to support it.

Click here for definitions of common gynecologic terms.

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